schism

Map of France showing the percentage of priests who had sworn allegiance to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy of 1791.

​Note: the borders (national & regional) are those of 2007 France and not 1791, since data comes from departmental archives. Data from French historian Michel Vovelle, La révolution, l'Église et la France. Le serment de 1791 (1985). Based on Image:Carte des prêtres assermentés en France en 1791.png and Image:Départements de France-simple.svg. Author Marmelad. No changes made.
ttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carte_des_pr%C3%AAtres_asserment%C3%A9s_en_France_en_1791.svg

​“. . . the government required all clergy to swear an oath of loyalty to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy. Only seven bishops and about half of the clergy agreed while the rest refused; the latter became known as ‘non-jurors’ or ‘refractory priests.’”

“Pope Pius VI’s 23 February rejection of Cardinal de Lomenie's position of withholding ‘mental assent’ guaranteed that this would become a schism. The Pope’s subsequent condemnation of the revolutionary regime and repudiation of all clergy who had complied with the oath completed the schism.”

Wikipedia